Chem 1 Ch 3  and Ch 22 Practice Quiz

 

1. The Greek idea about matter that prevailed for almost 2000 years was

a) matter is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions

b) matter is infinitely divisible

c) matter is indivisible

d) the nucleus contains protons and neutrons

e) everything is made up of 100 or so elements

 

2. The alchemists were intent on

a) changing common metals into gold

b) changing gold into more useful metals

c) discovering atoms

d) finding out why the law of conservation of mass worked

e) proving that the 4 basic elements of nature were earth, wind, fire and water

 

3. The phlogiston theory attempted to explain

a) why atoms are neutral

b) the internal structure of the atom

c) why things burned

d) why the conservation of mass idea worked

e) why atoms combined in whole number ratios

 

4. In oxides of nitrogen, such as N2O, NO, NO2, and N2O3, atoms combine in small whole-number ratios.  This evidence supports the law of

a) conservation of mass

b) multiple proportions

c) definite composition

d) mass action

 

5. In water, H2O, the ratio of the masses of oxygen to hydrogen is ALWAYS 8:1.  This is an example of

a) conservation of mass

b) mass action

c) multiple proportions

d) definite composition

 

6. According to the law of definite proportions, any two samples of NaCl must have

a) The same mass

b) The same melting point

c) slightly different molecular structures

d) the same ratio of elements

 

7. The principles of atomic theory recognized today were conceived by

a) Einstein

b) Aristotle

c) Dalton

d) Rutherford

 

8. According to Dalton's atomic theory, atoms

a) are destroyed in chemical reactions

b) can be divided

c) of each element are identical in size, mass and other properties

d) of different elements cannot combine

 

 

 

9. Which of the following statements about atoms is true?

a) atoms of the same element may have different masses.

b) atoms may be divided  in ordinary chemical reactions.

c) atoms may never combine with any other atoms

d) atoms are solid objects that make up all that we see.

 

10. The atomic theory proposed by Dalton

a) has been totally discarded

b) has been expanded and modified

c) has been accepted unchanged to the present day

d) has been found to be false

 

11. The behavior of cathode rays produced in a glass tube containing gas at low pressure led scientists to conclude that the rays

a) were not composed of matter

b) were composed of positively charged particles

c) were composed of negatively charged particles

d) were composed of uncharged particles

 

12. Who is credited with discovering the electron?

a) Thomson

b) Rutheford

c) Millikan

d) Dalton

e) Kemper

 

13. Who discovered the nucleus by bombarding gold foil with positively charged particles and noting that some particles were widely deflected?

a) Dalton

b) Rutherford

c) Thompson

d) Bohr

 

14. Because most particles fired at metal foil passed straight through, Rutherford concluded that

a) atoms were mostly empty space

b) atoms contained no charged particles

c) electrons formed the nucleus

d) atoms were indivisible

 

15. The nucleus of most atoms  is composed of

a) only protons

b) protons and electrons

c) only electrons

d) protons and neutrons

 

16. An atom is electrically neutral because

a) neutrons balance the protons and electrons

b) nuclear forces stabilize the charges

c) the numbers of protons and electrons are equal

d) the numbers of protons and neutrons are equal

 

17. Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the

a) nucleus

b) nuclides

c) electron's cloud

d) protons

 

18. The smallest unit of an element that can exist and still have the properties of that element is the

a) electron

b) proton

c) neutron

d) atom

 

19. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different

a) chemical properties

b) numbers of neutrons

c) numbers of protons

d) numbers of electrons

 

20. The most common form of hydrogen has

a) no neutrons

b) one neutron

c) two neutrons

d) three neutrons

 

21. The atomic number of oxygen, 8, indicates that there are eight

a) protons in the nucleus of an oxygen atom

b) protons and neutrons (4 of each) in the nucleus of an oxygen atom

c) neutrons in the nucleus of an oxygen atom

d) grams of protons in an oxygen atom

e) isotopes of oxygen

 

22. The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is its

a) atomic number

b) isotope

c) mass number

d) number of neutrons

 

23. As the mass number of the isotopes of an element increases, the number of protons

a) decreases

b) increases

c) remains the same

d) doubles each time the mass number increases

 

24. In a neutral atom of a particular element, which two particles always  have equal numbers?

a) protons and electrons

b) protons and neutrons

c) neutrons and electrons

d) all three particles are always equal

 

25. An aluminum isotope consists or 13 protons, 13 electrons and 14 neutrons.  Its mass number is

a) 13

b) 14

c) 27

d) 40

 

26. Zn-66 has

a) 30 neutrons

b) 33 neutrons

c) 36 neutrons

d) 96 neutrons

 

27. Sulfur-34 contains

a) 34 protons

b) 18 protons

c) 18 neutrons

d) 16 neutrons

 

28.  Gallium consists of two isotopes.  Gallium-69 has a mass of 68.95 amu and Gallium-71 has a mass of 70.95 amu.  The two isotopes have abundances of 60.16% and 39.84% respectively.  What is the average atomic mass of gallium?

a) 69.95

b) 70.15

c) 71.95

d) 69.75

e) 69.55

 

29. Beta particles are

a) electrons

b) protons

c) neutrons

d) helium nuclei

e) gamma rays

 

30. Polonium is a naturally radioactive element decaying with the loss of an alpha particle.

21084 Po à  42 He + ______

 

What is the second product of this decay?

a) 21486 Rn

b) 20682 Pb

c) 20685 At

d) 20880 Hg

e) no way to tell

 

31. Which of the following lists ranks nuclear radiation from most penetrating to least penetrating?

 

a) alpha, beta , and gamma

b) beta, gamma, and alpha

c) gamma, alpha, and beta

d) gamma, beta, and alpha

 

32.  If you have 1000g of Phosphorus-32 (half-life = 14 days), how much is left after 42 days?

 

a) 250g  

b) 125g  

c) 62.5g 

d) 31.25g

e) 500g

 

33. How many half-lives would it take to reduce the 1000g of Phosphorus-32 to 62.5g?

a) 1                         

b) 2                        

c) 3                         

d) 4

e) 5

 

 

34. Light-mass nuclei combining to form a heavier, more stable nucleus is called

 

a) nuclear fusion                  b) nuclear radiation              c) radioactive decay            d) nuclear fission

 

 

----------Key----------

 

1. (b)

2. (a)

3. (c)

4. (b)

5. (d)

6. (d)

7. (c)

8. (c)

9. (a)

10. (b)

11. (c)

12. (a)

13. (b)

14. (a)

15. (d)

16. (c)

17. (c)

18. (d)

19. (b)

20. (a)

21. (a)

22. (c)

23. (c)

24. (a)

25. (c)

26. (c)

27. (c)

28. (d)

29. (a)

30. (b)

31. (d)

32. (b)

33. (d)

34. (a)